What do all religions have in common?

[dobko]

Reason Number 2

Statistics are not Evolution’s Friend



Statistics and probability are great enemies of Evolution. Because Evolution utilizes random mutations as the main engine of their postulate, we can then use the laws of probability to exam their claims. Many evolutionists cry foul here, but they have no reason to do so as they also use probability to lay out their claims.



Here is another quote from an amateur evolutionist.



“All this complexity can easily come about through evolution, as is explained in ‘The Blind Watchmaker’ (a book by neo-Darwinist Richard Dawkins). This is because it is often cumulative, and so more likely and more efficient. . . . Nothing betrays a lack of understanding of natural selection quite like saying that the chance (of Evolution being correct) is too small. Natural selection is an algorithmic process, it the complete OPPOSITE of chance. The author states that there hasn’t been enough time. This is all too human thought of our own significance. The Earth was formed; it is estimated around 4,600,000,000 years ago. In comparison, Homo Sapiens are thought to have emerged around 100,000 to 200,000 years ago. Four and a half billion years ago seems more than enough.”



I am really intrigued by evolutionist’s ideas of natural selection. As we discussed above natural selection cannot operate on something that is not there. It has no intelligence to drive anything. It is a predator, it is a storm, it is a drought it is a thousand other things that will either destroy an animal that has the wrong alleles in its’ phenotype. In fact natural selection is not algorithmic but it is digital. Either alive or dead. Natural selection is not the opposite of chance, it just makes sure the good alleles last and the bad ones disappear, that is all. But natural selection is also blind and may also just snuff out a really good allele that had its’ head down at the water hole too long as well. As we spoke above in the genetics section the mutations are decidedly bad and loose information and lead to bad alleles so natural selection usually limits their existence in a population. But natural selection is also "noise" in a population that doesn't allow a single point mutation a very good set of odds for surviving and passing on those genes. Evolutionist speak of natural selection like it is intelligent or something and can spot a mutation that it needs to save.



Short Primer on Probability



Now we will look at the “cumulative” idea and see if that is a go or not. For Evolution to be true there has to be a large amount of cumulative organization of positive mutations. In fact Evolution says that all life came out of prior non-life. Darwin’s warm pond or the lightening charged primordial soup of other evolutionists. Could that really happen? What do statistics say?



The amateur evolutionists above, thinks that four and a half billion years seems to be enough, but is it?



We will give the not the 4.6 billion years for life but the whole supposed age of the universe of 20 billion. We will even assume that ALL of the 20 billion years are good and that all the precursors to life are in some warm primordial soup (we will discuss this in the Biochemistry section below) somewhere just waiting to do their thing.



Let’s talk briefly about probability which is a subset of Statistics. What is the chance if you toss a coin you get heads. Assuming the coin is equally weighted, and not a trick coin it is 1/2. On a die the probability of rolling a six is 1/6. The probability of tossing a coin and getting heads and rolling a die and getting a six is 1/2 x 1/6 = 1/12. Now this doesn’t mean that in twelve tosses and throws you will get simultaneously a head and a six, it means that if you throw long enough 1/12 of all throws will have both a head and a six.



Now let us get a little more complicated. Let’s figure the odds or probability of randomly spelling the phrase “the theory of evolution”. There are 26 letters and one space possible adding to 27 possible selections. There are 20 letters in the phrase and 3 spaces. Therefore the odds, on the average spell out the phrase correctly only once in 2723 outcomes! That is only one success in 8.3 quadrillion, quadrillion attempts or 8.3 x 1032. Now suppose ‘chance’ uses a machine which removes, records and replaces all the letters randomly at the fantastic speed of one billion per microsecond (one quadrillion per second). On the average the phrase would happen once in 25 billion years by this method.



Whoops! We ran out of time just trying to randomly recombine correctly a 23 letter and space phrase. You see the probability multiplication rule is not so kind to the randomness of evolution thought.



But let’s look at biological beginnings. You see in that warm pond or primal soup we just assume that there were amino acids there and we will assume that there were all the L type necessary for life. We will look later at Biochemistry and see it those assumptions are safe, but for now we will just assume them. One thing we will have to turn off is natural selection, because natural selection won’t work here. We are just trying to polymerize a self replicating organic structure like a DNA or RNA molecule and natural selection assumes that a good allele will be safe and a bad allele won’t and we don’t have any good or bad alleles yet. We are just trying to get the genes now in the right sequence. If they are not in the right sequence they won’t work and if they are they will. And there is no way for evolution or natural selection or whatever other magic driver the evolutionists can come up with to know if the sequence is right until it replicates. There is no cumulative process here as a partially correct complex molecule won’t work and would be discarded until one does.



The odds of forming a chain of 124 specifically sequenced proteins of 400 amino acid bases is 1 x 1064489! Now that is just one complex molecule and life requires much, much more. Mycoplasma genitalium has the smallest known genome of and the free living organisms, containing 482 genes comprising 580,000 bases. A human DNA molecule can contain three billion amino acid bases. That is not counting all the other enzymes, proteins, hormones and other life chemistry needed. This odd is utterly impossible and shows that evolution being the source of life’s beginning is not even remotely possible.



Fred Hoyle stated this: “Two thousand different and very complex enzymes are required for a living organism to exist. And random shuffling processes could not form a single one of these even in 20 billion years. I don’t know how long it is going to be before astronomers generally recognize that the arrangement of not even one of the many thousand of biopolymers (Life molecules) on which life depends could have been arrived at by natural processes here on earth.



“Astronomers will have little difficulty in understanding this because they will be assured by biologists that it is not so; the biologists having been assured in their turn by others that it is not so. The ‘others’ are groups of persons who believe, quite openly, in mathematical miracles.



“The advocate the belief that, tucked away in nature outside of normal physics, there is a law which performs miracles (provided the miracles are in the aid of biology). The curious situation sits oddly on a profession that for long has been dedicated to coming up with logical explanations. . . The modern miracle workers are always found to be living in the twilight fringes of thermodynamics.”

Fred Holye, “The Big Bang in Astronomy,” in New Scientist, November 19, 1981, pp 521-527


Weasely Dawkins

We will now look briefly at a case of weaseling by a master weasel Richard Dawkins of “The Blind Watchmaker” and “The Selfish Gene” etc. (Yes I have read them both!). Richard Dawkins is a neo – Darwinist who has championed the Evolution of random mutations and natural selection which was falling awry in evolutionary thought in recent years. Mr. Dawkins in “The Blind Watchmaker” developed a program on computer to generate the phrase “methinks it is like a weasel” in about 164 supposedly random iterations. This computer program was quite a novelty in the early 80’s when it was written, but today it is quite primitive.



But the program has some problems.



1. The outcome is known and targeted, whereas in life chemistry there is no target, there is only something that may work when the sequence is right and there is no way of knowing it might work until you get it complete. No near guesses allowed.



2. Correct guesses are saved. In life chemistry there is no way of knowing if any iteration has protein sequences that will be useful later as the only way of knowing they are right is when the whole complex molecule works.



3. It is a computer program with the parameters carefully chosen by Dawkins to make sure the outcome is what he wanted. If the parameters are tweaked another way the real probability comes back normally. Dawkins sped up the random mutation rate to accelerate the evolution rate and tried to use these figures to prove evolution could happen with a mutation rate that would destroy a population. Weak thinking in a weasly mind.





Remember to love on those evolutionists out there you know and do not use this to just whack them. Lovingly query them and even if the revile you as a cretin in science, pray for them.

[dobko]

Reason Number 3

Biochemistry is not Evolution’s Friend



Words you may need to know.

Biogenesis – A term in biology that states the life only descends from life.
Spontaneous Generation – The belief that life can come spontaneously from non-life. Many in Darwin’s day believed that bacteria would just appear from non-life in a water cask. Today we know this is not true.
Law of Mass Action – Chemical reactions always proceed in a direction from the highest to lowest concentration.
Polymerization – Linking together of organic molecules to make bigger molecules.
Chirality – The ‘handedness of life molecules. Nearly all amino acids are ‘left-handed’ and nucleic acids, starch, glycogen, etc. contain sugars that are all ‘right-handed.


Chirality



6. Homochirality – All having the same handedness

7. Heterochirality – Having a mixture of handedness, also called “racemic”.

8. Enantiomers – Having a 50/50 mixture of handedness, or having mirror image oppositeness.



You remember the warm little pond of Darwin? Well it didn’t exist and neither did the primal soup we are supposed to come from. You see these ideas have terrible problems in coming up with the proper compounds to produce life. You remember my parameters in the statistics section above, I allowed there to be plenty of substrate compounds available to see if we could actually randomly organize them into a self-replicating molecule and found we couldn’t. Well in looking at evolutionists ideas of the primitive atmosphere we will put some more nails in the Evolution coffin.



Primitive Atmospheres



What do the evolutionists need in a primitive atmosphere to have life generate from non-life. Remember if we cannot do this step the rest of Evolution is kind of moot. Mutations and natural selection don’t work on non-life chemicals.



Evolutionists tell us our planet was spun of from some kind of collision, or was some kind of rocky collapse or something spun out of the sun. Pick your favorite. And they say the earth was molten for millions and millions of years. This should have sterilized the early earth of just about anything organic. So where did the organic substances come from. Evolutionists believe they came from spontaneous generation maybe, or maybe outer space! We’ll just see if any of these make any sense.



Some evolutionists say that amino acids just formed out of seawater. If they did then mass action would have wiped them out. Richard E. Dickerson said:



“It is therefore hard to see how polymerization could have proceeded in the aqueous environment of the primitive ocean, since the presence of water favors depolymerization rather than polymerization.” Richard E. Dickerson, “Chemical Evolution and the Origen of Life.” Scientific American, September 1978, p. 75



Another problem with the primitive atmosphere is the presence of oxygen. Oxygen would destroy much of the organic compounds so the evolutionists came up with a reducing atmosphere or one without O2 and with CH4 as the main carbon carrier.



The trouble with this primitive atmosphere concept is that once life did occur, the reducing atmosphere would kill it as life needs oxygen. Evolutionists try to say that plants produced the oxygen, but plants need oxygen for respiration. There would have to been a very rapid change from reducing to oxidizing atmosphere once life appeared for life to have occurred in this manner. There is no mechanism or process that could do that quickly. The current plant oxygenizing of the atmosphere today couldn’t do that in less than 5000 years. Primitive life would not have even the capability as there wouldn’t be nearly as many of the plants in the brand new world.



Harold Urey admitted “that the non-oxygen atmosphere is just an assumption – a flight of imagination – in a effort to accommodate the theory.”

Harold Urey, “On the Early Chemical History of the Earth and the Origin of Life,” in Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 38, 1952, p. 352



Stanley Miller, who was a pioneer in the laboratory synthesis of non-living amino acids in bottles created in a reducing atmosphere, said that the theory that the earth once had no oxygen is just “speculation”.

Stanley Miller, “Production of Some Organic Compounds under Possible Primitive Conditions,” in Journal of the American Chemical society, 7, 1955, p. 2351.


A recent Scientific American summary article on the origin of life admits that:

The classic ‘chicken and egg’ problem of ‘which came first, protein or DNA’ (since both need each other to reproduce) has not been solved by the 1980s idea of ‘self-reproducing’ RNA, as many textbooks imply. This is because the laboratory simulations are highly artificial with a ‘great deal of help from the scientists’.
Stanley Miller’s classic 1953 synthesis of life’s ‘building blocks’ in the test tube, as well as Sydney Fox’s ‘proteinoids’ (which produced circular blobs claimed to be ‘protocells’) are now largely regarded as dead ends.
Cleverly designed artificial self-reproducing molecules have no relevance to the origin of life.
Highly speculative ideas about life’s beginning on clay, floating in from outer space, forming on the surface of fool’s gold, in mid-ocean vents, and so forth, are just that. Stanley Miller, who is now a chemistry professor still leading in this area, himself says, ‘I come up with a dozen ideas a day, and I usually discard the whole dozen.’
The chairman of a recent National Academy of Sciences committee reviewing all origin-of-life research (which concluded that ‘much more research is needed’), stated that ‘the simplest bacterium is so [expletive] complicated from the point of view of a chemist that it is almost impossible to imagine how it happened.’
Do they then consider that the supernatural or miraculous (that is, creation) could have been involved? Not at all, says Stanley Miller. ‘I think we just haven’t learnt the right tricks yet.’

John Horgan, ‘Trends in Evolution: In the Beginning…’, Scientific American, February 1991, p. 100-109.

The Problem of Chirality


Now let us look at the problem of Chirality or handedness of organic compounds. Many important molecules of life exist in two forms. These two forms are non-supreimposable mirror images of each other. Nearly all biological life requires the biological polymers to be homochiral or the same handedness. That would be no problem of they could be produced chemically that way, but chemically there are produced in a racemic mixture, or with a mixture of both handedness.



“Synthesis of chiral compounds from achiral reagents always yields the ‘racemic modification’ and ‘Optically inactive reagents yield optically inactive products’”

Morrison, R.T. and Boyd R.N., 1987. Organic Chemistry, 5th ed. Allyn & Bacon Inc. p. 150.

[dobko]

So if the organic compounds were formed somehow in a primitive atmosphere they would be racemic. And that would present some major problems in polymerization of complex organic compounds such as large proteins, RNA, DNA etc. A wrong handed amino acid would cause the stopping of the polymerization of the more complex compound and effectively kill the process. Random organization of complex organic compounds would be drastically effected for the worse. All amino acids in proteins are ‘left-handed’, while all sugars in DNA, RNA and in the metabolic pathways are ‘right-handed’.



Another problem with Chirality is that homochiral biological substances racemize in time. This is the basis of amino acid racemization dating method. This method is not very reliable because of the variables such as temperature and pH and the particular amino acid. Racemization is a big problem during peptide synthesis and hydrolysis for it shows that the tendency of undirected chemistry is towards death, not life. This presents enormous problems for chemical evolution ideas as well.



Chirality can have tragic consequences. Thalidomide was prescribed in the early 60’s for women suffering from morning sickness. The left-handed form is a powerful tranquillizer, but the right-handed form can disrupt fetal development, resulting in the severe birth defects. The synthesis of the drug produced a racemate, as would be expected, but the wrong homochiral was not removed before the drug was marketed.



Evolutionists had no idea how Chirality came about in the biochemistry of the origin of life and to date have no real answer to the severe problems it represents in their postulate.



They have come up with some ideas that all are weak and I will list them here but not go into depth. If you want to know more, just e-mail me and I will explain whey these cannot explain Chirality.



Circularly polarized ultraviolet light
Will destroy the correct form as well, but not at the rate of the other form.
Requires a very narrow band of CP light.
Beta Decay and the weak force
Weak force is not strong enough to have the effect needed to create Homochirality.
Could not produce the L-enantiomer in a necessary significant excess.
Optically active quartz powders.
While quartz crystals are hexagonal and dissymmetric they are also racemic in nature and would not eliminate the homochiral organics
All experiments failed to prove this could be the reason for life’s needs for homochiral compounds.
Clay minerals.
The chiral selection of clay minerals that was reported now appears to have been an artifact of the technique used. This has been rejected.
Fluke seeding
Postulated that a fluke seeding of a supersaturated solution with a homochiral crystal would crystallize out the same enantiomer.
If the primal soup existed it would be extremely diluted and grossly contaminated.
The growing homochiral crystal would be immersed in the solution of the wrong remaining enantiomer and would not do anything.
Homochiral template
Proposed that a homochiral polymer arose by chance (wonder what the odds?) and acted as a template.
“But the opposite enantiomer acts as a chain terminator in the polymerization of chains and posses a severe problem in origin of life postulates.” Joyce, G.F., Visser, G.M., VanBoeckel, C.A.A., VanBoom, J.H., Orgel, L.E. and van Westrenen, J., 1984. Chiral selection in poly(C)-directed synthesis of oligo(G). Nature, 310:602-4.
Transfer RNA’s selected the right enantiomer.
Russell Doolittle, professor of Biochemistry at USC San Diego, and an atheist said: “From the start of their (Transfer RNA syntheases) existence, they probably bound only L-Amino Acids. Doolittle, R., 1983. Probability and the origin of life. In: Godfrey, L.R., ed., 1983. Scientists Confront Creationism, W.W. Norton, NY.
This is mere hand waving by this professor who lost a debate to Duane Gish. He never explains how such complicated enzymes could have functioned unless they themselves were homochiral, or how they would operate before RNA was composed of homochiral ribose.
Magnetic Fields
German scientists led by Eberhard Breitmaier of the Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Gerhard – Domagk – Strasse in Bonn, reported that a very strong magnetic field produced 98% homochiral products from achiral reagents. Bradley, D., 1994. A new twist in the tale of nature’s asymmetry. Science, 264:908.
No one could reproduce the experiment and it was found that one of the team, Guido Zadel, the post-doctoral fellow on whose the thesis the original work was based, had adulterated the reagents with a homochiral additive. Clery, D., and Bradley, D., 1994. Underhanded ‘breakthrough’ revealed. Science, 265:21.


Outer Space?


So with all the problems on earth of creating even the substances out of which life could occur scientists looked to space. There has been much hoopla where scientists zapped impure ice, supposedly matching interstellar compositions with ultraviolet light and forming amino acids. The ice contained a high amount of ammonia, methanol and hydrogen cyanide. This study was published in Nature on 28th of March 2002.



The paper said in part:



“How life originated is one of the earliest and most intriguing for humanity. Early experiments on the processing of a gas mixture simulating the primitive earth conditions assumed a reducing atmosphere with methane as the carbon containing molecule. Several amino acids were formed under these conditions as the products of spark discharge, photoprocessing or heat. It is now believed, however, that the Earth’s early atmosphere was rather non-reducing, with CO2 as the main carbon carrier. Processing of these alternative gas mixtures under experimental conditions leads to the formation of, at most, traces of amino acids.”



People, let me translate for you. What they are saying is this: “All our best guesses about how life started on earth are busted. But, we by faith believe in evolution so we must look to space as the place where life chemistry started.”



If this couldn’t start here, what makes them think it started out there?



God Bless each of you who are believers and may God use you in spreading the truth. Remember to treat with love and kindness those who differ from you.

[dobko]

Reason Number 4

Information Theory is not Evolution’s Friend



Information is the stuff of life. We see it every day in multiple ways. This paper is complex information. There are 26 letters, spaces, periods, commas, etc. all arranged (hopefully more correct than not!) to give out information. This did not come from random chance and no one would even begin to think so. That is unless one was an evolutionist.



Here is a quote from another amateur evolutionist. The quote is really about entropy which we will look at in the next section, but has some interesting stuff on information we can look at here.



“. . . However, not only is life irrelevant to the 2nd law, but order from disorder is common in non-living systems, too. Snowflakes, sand dunes, tornadoes, stalactites, graded river beds, and lightening are just a few examples of order coming from disorder in nature; none require an intelligent program to achieve that order. In any nontrivial system with lots of energy flowing through it, you are almost certain to find order arising somewhere in the system. If order from disorder is supposed to violate the 2nd law of thermodynamics, why is it ubiquitous in nature?”



We won’t discuss the 2nd law of thermodynamics in this section but in the next. Right now we want to look at the nature in information that is given in the example above and compare it to biological information and see if the analogy given is valid.



Complex Life Information verses Simple Information



What we have here is a misunderstanding of what is true complex information and what is just information. What the amateur evolutionists above is looking at is simple information inherent in the laws of physics. We will look at snowflakes and stalactites first because they are both crystallization scenarios that evolutionists like to use. They also like to use salt crystallization from a warm salt laden fluid too. The crystal is not complex and it repeated over and over. If you break a crystal into two pieces you have two crystals. Crystal’s information would look something like this:



Abcabcabcabcabcabc



Where the life polymer would look like this”



The purpose of life is to love the Lord



If you break this apart you will lose the meaning and if you break apart the life polymer you will not have a smaller protein, you will destroy the protein.



Another issue is the crystallization is a process inherent in the substances them selves when the right environment occurs. There is no information given them to do this and they are very poor in information themselves. To try and say that this information as complex as DNA is absurd. They are waving their hands and bluffing in this.



Now if you saw a doily on the ground that was crocheted into a snowflake design you would instantly know some intelligence made it because you inherently know that the cotton fibers do not have a physical propensity to form that way no matter what the physical characteristics of their environment.



Graded river beds and sand dunes are just the remnants of the action of wind and water, the grading and dunes are because a certain velocity of wind or water will only carry particles of a certain size and down. As the wind or water velocity varies so to the particle sizes and thus you have a grading of particles. Extremely low complexity in these two examples. Just physics in action I’m afraid.



But if you saw 500,000 sand particles all lined up in a row you would suspect intelligent design, because wind can carve and grade a dune but it won’t line up the particles.



Now we can look at tornadoes and lightening. Wow, some people who experienced a tornado might not consider them so orderly. But all that aside they are much like the other examples as just particles obeying the laws of physics. Differential high and low pressure systems, caused by heat, moisture etc. These systems are more complex than the last two but still no cigar as to overall complexity and nowhere remotely near the complexity of a single small chain of amino acids.



This order from disorder is a chimera for there is only physical nature obeying the physical laws. In fact the non-theist physicist Paul Davies admits: “There is no law of physics able to create information from nothing.”



Specified Complexity



What is important here is the difference from “order” and information. Information is “specific complexity”. Specific complexity is needed to drive life, order is just interesting phenomena.



Information in the printed page is not in the paper nor the ink, but in the pattern of the characters and in the mind that understands and made them. Information in sound is not in the sound waves themselves nor in the storage devices, but in the modulation and words understood by the mind understands and made them.



Information in all living things is encoded in a kind of book called DNA. This information describes the complexity of a sequence and it doesn’t depend on the matter in the sequence. As in the above concepts the DNA molecule also appears to be understood by our cells and have been made by a higher intelligence that can ‘read’ the message as well as ‘create’ the message.



The DNA in one cell can carry the information of 3-4 30 copy volumes of encyclopedia Britannia. DNA is the most information dense medium known to man. The number of paperback books that could be stored in the DNA that would fit on the head of a pin is equivalent to a stack of books 500 times taller than the distance to the moon and each with unique and specific content. This information so overshadows the poor information in crystals, sand piles and weather systems that I cannot understand how anyone could think that this order sprang out of non-living disorder.



For an in-depth look at information theory and creation go here.



Rich specific information to create all the life we see today is what evolutionists try to say came from non-life. We will see in the next section that the laws of physics also dictate that this won’t work.



God Bless you all in all you do, in all your going in and going out.

[dobko]

Reason Number 5

Physics is not Evolution’s Friend



Much has been said of the laws of Thermodynamics in creationist literature and evolutionist literature, and it has been misunderstood by both sides.



Let’s look again at the quote from the amateur evolutionist and see what he is saying on this topic

“Simply incorrect science (creationist view that entropy is valid in an open system as well) Life is not a closed system. I quote from talkorigins.org

“However they (creationists) neglect the fact that life in not a closed system. The sun provides more than enough energy to drive things. If a mature tomato plant can have more useable energy than the seed it grew from, why should anyone expect the next generation of tomato plants have more useable energy still? Creationists try to get around this by claiming that the information carried on my living things lets them create order. However, not only is life irrelevant to the 2nd law, but order from disorder is common in non-living systems, too. Snowflakes, sand dunes, tornadoes, stalactites, graded river beds, and lightening are just a few examples of order coming from disorder in nature; none require an intelligent program to achieve that order. In any nontrivial system with lots of energy flowing through it, you are almost certain to find order arising somewhere in the system. If order from disorder is supposed to violate the 2nd law of thermodynamics, why is it ubiquitous in nature?”



The Laws of Thermodynamics



Thermodynamics

1st law – Matter and energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Also called the law of conservation.

2nd law – Matter and energy tend to disorder and less useable energy. Also called the law of entropy.



There are other ways to understand the 2nd law with is the one the most argument is about.



Classical Thermodynamics

The energy available for useful work in a functioning system tends to decrease, even though the total energy remains constant.



Statistical Thermodynamics

The organized complexity (order) of a structured system tends to become disorganized and random (disorder).



Informational Thermodynamics

The information conveyed by a communicating system tends to become distorted and incomplete.



Now let us look at the different types of systems as the person in the quote discussed an open verses a closed system.



Types of systems



Isolated System – Exchanges neither energy not matter with its surroundings. The total entropy of an isolated system never decreases. The universe could be considered an isolated system and is running down.
Closed System – Exchanges energy but not matter with its surroundings. In this case the 2nd law is stated: the total entropy of the system and its surroundings never decrease.
Open System – Exchanges energy and matter with its surroundings. For an open system the law is stated: the total entropy of the system and its surroundings will never decrease.


Many evolutionists say that the 2nd law of thermodynamics doesn’t apply to open systems but that is simply not true.

Dr. John Ross of Harvard University states:

. . . there are no known violations of the second law of thermodynamics. Ordinarily the second law is stated for isolated systems, but the second law applies equally well to open systems. . . There is somehow associated with the field of far-from-equilibrium thermodynamics the notion that that the second law fails for such systems. It is important to make sure that this error does not perpetuate itself.” John Ross, Chemical and Engineering News, July 27, 1980, p. 40;



Now what we have in our open system is a tendency for energy to be lost as heat and for organized matter to be come disorganized. That is not to say that entropy reversals are not possible and do happen. The total entropy for the system must increase so for every decrease in entropy there must be a concomitant increase somewhere else.



In the examples in the above quote we can see this very well. When water freezes, heat as entropy gain is released. The same happens in the calcium carbonate in the stalactite. Graded river beds reduce velocity is streams and dunes reduce velocity of the wind. Storms release heat energy and create disorder and increase entropy.



The tomato plant is another order of specified complexity because it is life and has life chemistry driving it. The DNA in the seed has all the information to create the plant and that process is a temporary entropy reversal as suggested above. It is not getting ‘around’ the topic that creationists say this, it is true.



But can we expect continuing energy increases in the tomato plants in succeeding generations. That is questionable at best. I assume the useable energy is the fruit of the plant, tomato. Tomatoes are highly hybridized plants and the seeds may not be fertile (that old loss of information when information is changed) but we can experiment with this idea. Take some seeds from the tomato plant and propagate them. Follow this down several generations and what you will end up with is a very sorry plant with very little fruit. Entropy rules over all. You will need to get hybridized seedlings or seeds to get those yummy tomatos back and no you cannot get more energy every generation. That is a little exuberant misunderstanding of thermodynamics.



Entropy and Evolution



Now what does thermodynamics really say about Evolution? It says that while temporary entropy decreased are possible there must be compensating entropy increases in all systems to make the total system tend to entropy increase.



So what we have is the need for massive disorder to order, massive positive mutations, needed to have life as we see that. Entropy does not preclude those things absolutely happening it just pushes real hard at it not happening. It is like a 1000 lb weight on the back of a man climbing the mountain. I really decreases his odds at making the top.



Another concept brought up by the laws is the concept of useful energy. Evolutionists are fond of saying that the sun provides more than enough energy to drive their postulate. But does it? Is the energy useful to their postulate?



Raw energy from the sun, if not for the ability of living things to convert it to useful energy such as sugars, proteins etc. would be a destroyer of life. In many of the scenarios of primitive life the UV radiation is looked as the driver of the mutations need for evolution, but it conversely would destroy the organism as well if not protected. In fact the mutation rate being very slow and the energy being very fast the destruction would be very many times faster than the creation.



Raw energy from the sun, cannot create the specified complexity needed for life. It can only cause complexity to be lost in mutations. In the labs scientists use sophisticated equipment to polymerize proteins in the right way. If sunlight were to enter this process it would destroy the proteins.



OK all you Evolutionists that claim I am so stupid and don't know my Thermodynamics here is the more technical page for you.



Love the Lord your God with all your heart, mind and strength and love your neighbor (that evolutionist) as yourself.

[dobko]

I will post the next 5 soon...enjoy and God bless.

[V-G]

No offense dobko, but if I wanted to read a book, I'd get one from the library. This is a discussion forum and if it is too long to fit in one post (let alone to type it) it is too long for me to bother to read... I started reading and it quickly became super boring.

Unless there is interest from other people here, I wouldn't bother with the another 5 arguments...

Cheers,
V