CRIMEAN TATARS

[Batukhan]

KIRIM TATARLARNIN EVI

If we like it or not these people were part of Ukranian history,positive or negative way ,but they were there very long ,so lets see if we can find something good about them.
Batu

http://www.euronet.nl/users/sota/krimtatar.html

The Crimean Tatars are Turkic people who inhabited the Crimean peninsula, now a part of Ukraine, for over seven centuries. They established their own Khanate in the 1440s and remained an important power in Eastern Europe until 1783, when Crimea was annexed to Russia. During World War II, the entire Tatar population in Crimea fell victims to Stalin's oppressive policies. In 1944 they were unjustly accused of being Nazi collaborators and deported en masse to Central Asia and other lands of the Soviet Union. Many died of disease and malnutrition. Although a 1967 Soviet decree removed the charges against Crimean Tatars, the Soviet government did nothing to facilitate their resettlement in Crimea and to make reparations for lost lives and confiscated property. Today more than 250,000 Crimean Tatars are back in their homeland, struggling to reestablish their lives and reclaim their national and cultural rights against many social and economic obstacles.

This Web site includes documents, articles, news items, essays, poems, and interviews that cover Crimean Tatar history and culture, their experiences during deportation and exile, and the national movement which initiated the return to Crimea. A good place to begin exploring the wealth of information found here is Who are the Crimean Tatars? We continue to add new documents and provide links to other Web sites of interest as we find them. We invite you to visit us again.

Contents
GENERAL INFORMATION
Who are the Crimean Tatars?
The Crimea (with a map)
Crimea-L Mailing List


HISTORY OF THE CRIMEAN TATARS
New!BOOK: Turkish Jewish encounters edited by Mehmet Tutuncu
Crimean Tatars by H.M. Paksoy
Ismail Gaspirali by I. Bowman
Numan Celebicihan by M.B. Altan
Sweden and Crimean Tatars by B. Haggman
Map of Crimea with Tatar Place Names (1.2 MB) by K. Cagiltay
Crimean Tatar Fact Sheet: Chronology
BOOK: Sefika Gasprali and Turkic Women's Movement in Tsarist Russia (1893-1920)


DEPORTATION AND EXILE
Ethnic Cleansing: Crimean Tatars by J.Otto Pohl New!
Statistical History of Deportation and Exile by J. Otto Pohl
Soviet Decree No. 5859ss, 11 May 1944
Three Answers to Soviet Decree No. 5859ss by M.B. Altan
Soviet Decree, 5 September 1967, Rehabilitating Crimean Tatars
Arabat Tragedy by M.B. Altan
Crimean Tatar Appeal, 1968
History of Crimean Tatar National Movement by M.B. Altan

RETURN TO THE HOMELAND
Mustafa Abdulcemil Kirimoglu
Interview with N. Bekiroglu, 1994
Rebirth of Crimea Foundation
UN Program for Repatriation of Crimean Tatars
Crimean Tatar Repatriation, Sept. 1996
The Case of Crimea by R. Chubarov
Crimean Tatar Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)

LITERATURE, ART AND ARCHITECTURE
Crimean Tatar Architecture
Crimean Tatar Decorative Arts: An Exhibition
Crimean Tatar as a Turkic language
Return to Latin script by D. Nissmann and D. Hill
Cengiz Dagci
B.S. г: A Crimean Tatar Poet by I.Bowman New!
"Chora Batir," a Tatar epic, by H.B. Paksoy
Emigration, a poem by H. Giraybay (Translated by M.B. Altan)
Poems by N. Celebicihan
"Boztorgay," a folk song
Traditional Clothing (illustrated)

PUBLICATIONS ON CRIMEAN TATARS
EMEL (journal in Turkish), online issues 216-225
KIRIM (journal in Turkish)
Crimean Tatar Bibliographyby M.B. Altan
A Bibliographic Essay on Crimean Tatars by N. Eren

TRADITIONAL TATAR FOODS
Crimean Diet a Century Ago
Tatar Recipes

[Halina]

Originally posted by Batukhan
KIRIM TATARLARNIN EVI

If we like it or not these people were part of Ukranian history,positive or negative way ,but they were there very long ,so lets see if we can find something good about them.
Batu

http://www.euronet.nl/users/sota/krimtatar.html

The Crimean Tatars are Turkic people who inhabited the Crimean peninsula, now a part of Ukraine, for over seven centuries. They established their own Khanate in the 1440s and remained an important power in Eastern Europe until 1783, when Crimea was annexed to Russia. During World War II, the entire Tatar population in Crimea fell victims to Stalin's oppressive policies. In 1944 they were unjustly accused of being Nazi collaborators and deported en masse to Central Asia and other lands of the Soviet Union. Many died of disease and malnutrition. Although a 1967 Soviet decree removed the charges against Crimean Tatars, the Soviet government did nothing to facilitate their resettlement in Crimea and to make reparations for lost lives and confiscated property. Today more than 250,000 Crimean Tatars are back in their homeland, struggling to reestablish their lives and reclaim their national and cultural rights against many social and economic obstacles.

Batu,

I have read aboout the Crimean Tartars. I have even talked about it with Andrej on the open board, I think. Here is a link;
http://www.ukraine.com/forums/showth...?threadid=4585

Do you reckon, the Tartars will be able to come back to Crimea? I hope so. I also hope their co-existence with the locals will be peaceful and friendly.
I wish we could move ALL the Polish people from Kazahstan back home. I wish we could afford it.

You know, some teachers of Polish alongside the priests travel to work in Kazahstan. I listened to some of them on Radio 3 in Poland and their stories are rather touching, i.e, one old Polish lady in Kazahstan, on meeting the newly arrived Polish teacher, declared that now she can die in peace, as long as she knows her granddaughter will be learning Polish.
And the way those kids recite Mickiewicz & Slowacki, with the local accent and yet with such emotions and love, makes you sob. Only then, do you realise how lucky you are that you can live peacefully at home.
I like to believe all this can be reversed and people so deeply wounded by Stalin's frenzy, will be able to come back home - whether Poles, or Tartars.
My contribution is rather small, but I managed to purchase 'The Forgotten Oddyssey' - a video tape about the Polish deportees from the Eastern Borderland. 20% of this money goes on Poles in Kazahstan.

Tell me, do you know anything more about the Tartars in the East? Have they managed to preserve their culture and traditions? What does it look like now?

[Batukhan]

O boy in short time like this there were so many Comonwealth -Tatar wars.
Fricking Traitors ,should stay with Comonwealth ,not to kiss ass of some far away Sultans.
Batu


1506 Tartar Invasion
Attacks continued by Mengli-Girey of the Crimean Tartars, in Spring 1506 they invaded Lithuania with 10,000 men camping at Kleck, near Nieswiez, sending forces to Minsk, Nowogrodek and Lida. Glinski, an experienced commander, was sent with a comparable sized force, including the new hussars and two canons, smashing the encampment and routing the whole Tartar army (5 August 1506).

1512 Tartar Attack
In March 1512, reconnaissance units deduced that the Tartars were preparing a major raid and soon a large force had setup its kos near Busk, some 50km East of Lvov. By the time Polish forces had concentrated the KOs had been raised and the heavily laden Tartars moved East. At Lopusz (28 April 1512) the Polish-Lithuanian forces caught up with them and defeated them, freeing most of the captured. However the Tartars themselves were able in the main to escape intact.

1524 Tartar and Turkish Invasions
In the Summer of 1524 first the Tartars and then the Turks pillaged Volhynia, Podolia and Polish Ruthenia, reaching as far as the rivers San and Bug. Hetman Tarnowski with meagre forces posted them further East than before and managed to prevent the Tartars from continuing any serious incursions into the Polish border lands. However this only diverted them into the less protected Lithuanian lands.

Tartar attacks
In July 1589 Tartars invaded Lvov and Tarnopol, but were driven out and pursued by Cossack forces.

In 1593 Zygmunt III went to Stockholm in an attempt to gain his throne, in his absence the Cossacks stirred up the South by invading Turkish territory and Zamojski was compelled to march against the Crimean tartars and prevent Turkish retaliation


Conflict with Turkey
In 1615 powerful Polish Magnates attempted to install their candidate in Moldavia. Their initial success caused the Ottomans to stir, sending an force to meet the private army of the magnates. After defeating them they approached Poland but met an entrenched Polish army of Zolkiewski at Busza. Neither side wanted war and previous agreements were reaffirmed in 1617.



1624 Tartar Attack
In June 1624 an invading Tartar czambul setup its kos near Przemysl and commenced its raids on the locality. Small Polish forces did their best to limit the Tartars attacks and in mid June, as larger forces were gathering against them the Tartars began their return. On 19th June 1624 they were caught by Koniecpolski as they crossed the Dniestr near Martynow and the next day they were decisively defeated.

1644 Tartar Attack
A major Tartar incursion in 1644 was met by Koniecpolski near Ochmatow (30 January 1644) as it entered Polish territory and was decisively defeated. It was the most complete defeat of the Tartars by anyone up till that time and was the more spectacular because it was a fresh unladen Tartar army that had been crushed.


The Turkish and Tartar Wars
1667-1676
In August 1667 Fietr Deroszenke and Khan Girej led some 20-30,000 Cossacks and Tartars in an attack on Poland. After the end of the war with Muscovy the Polish army had been reduced to 14,000 men, while the Sejm did not believe the Tartars had altered their previously allied stance. Only the new Field Hetman Sobieski had forces, mainly personally funded, of 8,000 regular and levy troops to deal with the invasion.
(He was real military mavrick in tactic)

In an attempt to curb the Tartar ravaging, Sobieski introduced a new tactic. Previously when the enemy's numbers were so superior the army was placed in a single fortified camp in a strategic position. It's main problem was it allowed the Tartars complete freedom to carry out their ravaging of the surrounding lands. Sobieski split his forces into small independent groups, each based at one of a line of forts and supported by the local population. These forces could hamper the operation of the numerous but small Tartar raiding parties, and when threatened by a larger force it could seek refuge in the fort.

Sobieski took 3,000 troops to a fortified camp at Podhajce, threatening the enemy's communication lines, and was besieged. The initial Tartar-Cossack attacks failed and a Polish night attack forced the numerically much superior enemy to agree to a truce and retreat.

But the Podhajce agreement brought only a brief respite. The Cossacks now submitted to the Sultan as they tried to play the Muscovites, Turks and Poles against each other. Soon, in July 1671 the Cossacks besieged Biala Cerki while the Tartars moved into Podole, now supported by the Ottomans.

Sobieski, with only weak forces repeated his very successful tactics of the previous year and led two attacks which broke the new Cossack-Tartar offensive. He led a 150 mile raid capturing many strongholds and by mid-October much of the Ukraine was subdued. Had he had some support, much of the lands. effectively lost since 1648, could have been regained.

http://www.jasinski.co.uk/wojna/conflicts/conf08.htm
.

[zhuk]

Special greetings to Mrs. Halina and Mr. Batuchan
Being an average ukrainian, I do not spend a lot of time in Internet.
So I could only share my opinions on the current situation in Crimea.
as I have read from the previous posts, most of the discussion members live abroad of Ukraine, so you are rare, although desirable visitors to my country ant to me as well.
I usually visit crimea twice a year, to make a trip to Crimean mountains and to spent a week or two out of the civilization.
Recently, since 1993 or so, after the perestroika reforms, many of the crimean tartars has came back to they places.
By now, they present a substancial percentage of whole crimean population.
the local russians even feel a danger of being overpopulated by the newcomers to that region.
For me-I have read plenty of articles about the forced exile of crimean tartars to turkey since the early 18th century up to 1947 forced exile to Kazahstan.
By now, tartars are friendly people, who make the Crimea to have a unique appereance of the eastern culture.
They are very friendly and ready to hard work to gain success in the new territory.
Although,my russian friends, from Crimea feel some hidden danger from that muslims culture growing in Crimea.
Still they are kind and nice people, who contibute a lot in modern economy of Crimea. I would like to them to be happy on the God blessed land of Crimea.

[Halina]

Hello Zhuk,

It's really good that you have popped in at the forum again!
Well, I personally know only a little bit about Crimea, mostly from a book that I've read (as recommended by Graham and by Happy_Gunner on this forum). It is called 'Black Sea' and written by Neal Ascherson. Crimea seems to be a rather precious source of knowledge on Scythians, Sarmatians, Khazars, and more 'recently': Greeks, Italians, and of course Tartars .

I've also heard about Crimea as a famous holiday destination; a penninsula full of lovely landscapes, resorts, sandbeaches etc.

Considering that all Tartar inhabitants of Crimea were brutally expelled by Stalin, I think it is good some of them can return and give their own 'flavour' to the land that was also their home for a long long time. I feel such an ethnic diversity makes place quite compelling and, even though there may be confrontations due to different cultures, there can also be a good desirable experience of mutual respect and toleration.
I might quote some interesting passage from 'Black Sea' next time!
So long Zhuk!